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Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), adenosine and tissue renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) promote angiogenesis and vascularisation. We investigated the temporal expression placental adenosine A 2A R receptor and HIF-1α in early pregnancy and at delivery in normotensive (NT) and pre-eclamptic (PE) women. Results were compared to our previously reported angiotensin receptor data.Expression of A...
Maternal spiral artery remodeling after embryo implantation is a crucial process for successful pregnancy and rely on well-controlled trophoblast functions. Ephrin-B2 is found to be of great importance in various cell functions in both benign human tissue and tumors. However, its role in the regulation of trophoblast remains unknown. This study is conducted to investigate the role of ephrin-B2-induced...
Caveolae regulate many cardiovascular functions and thus could be of interest in relation to pre-eclampsia, a pregnancy specific disorder characterised by hypertension and proteinuria. We examined placental mRNA and protein expression/localisation of the caveolae components Caveolin 1-3, Cavin 1-4 as well as eNOS/iNOS in normotensive control (n = 24) and pre-eclamptic pregnancies (n = 19). Placental...
Prenatal ethanol exposure compromises fetal growth by impairing placentation. Invasive trophoblastic cells, which mediate placentation, express the insulin-IGF regulated gene, aspartyl-asparaginyl β-hydroxylase (ASPH), which has a critical role in cell motility and invasion. The aims of this study were to characterize effects of ethanol on trophoblastic cell motility, and assess ethanol dose-dependent...
The clinical significance of veno-venous (VV) anastomoses in monochorionic (MC) placentas remains inconclusive and controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the presence of VV anastomoses and clinical outcome in a large cohort of MC twin pregnancies.All MC placentas injected with colored dye from 2002 to 2014 were included in the study. We excluded MC pregnancies...
Aim of the study was to investigate the association between placental pathology and oligohydramnios in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR).Placentas from 221 consecutive FGR pregnancies and 63 healthy controls were studied. Pathological lesions were described according to consensus nomenclature and standardized criteria; both elementary lesions and constellations of lesions (patterns)...
Twin anemia-polycythemia sequence (TAPS) is a newly described disease in monochorionic twin pregnancies, characterized by large inter-twin hemoglobin differences. Optimal management for TAPS is not clear. One of the possible treatment modalities is intrauterine blood transfusion (IUT) in the donor with or without combination of partial exchange transfusion (PET) in the recipient.We applied a computational...
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific disorder, which is characterized by raised serum bile acid level and potential adverse fetal outcome. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), also known as a bile acid receptor, was found to be expressed in placenta with low level. Whether activation of FXR by specific agonists could regulate the pathogenesis of ICP is still unclear.A model of...
Placenta dysfunction is thought to be the major etiological factor related to preeclampsia. The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) has been localized in the apical plasma membrane of epithelia, mediating the active reabsorption of sodium in kidney, and be involved in the regulation of blood pressure. In previous studies, we found that the reduced expression of ENaC on placenta in preeclampsia patients...
Our recent studies have shown that constitutively activated non-canonical RelB/NF-κB2 (p52) in the human placenta positively regulates the pro-labor genes CRH and COX-2. STAT3 regulates NF-κB2 (p100) processing to active p52, and in turn, nuclear activation of RelB/p52, by directly binding to p100/p52 in a variety of cancer cells. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that STAT3 is involved...
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is widely used as surfactants, lubricants, adhesives, fire retardants and propellants. Animal experiments have shown that PFOS can potentially influence reproductive function. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of PFOS on the endocrine function of human placental syncytiotrophoblasts.Primary human placental cytotrophoblasts were isolated...
The aim of this study was to explore the association between the cerebro-umbilical ratio measured at 35–37 weeks and intrapartum fetal compromise.This retrospective cross sectional study was conducted at the Mater Mothers' Hospital in Brisbane, Australia. Maternal demographics and fetal Doppler indices at 35–37 weeks gestation for 1381 women were correlated with intrapartum and neonatal outcomes.Babies...
Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is associated with fetal growth restriction. However, the underlying mechanisms of villous injury in placentas with VUE are still largely unknown. We aimed to verify whether apoptosis-related factors are increased in VUE placentas. Furthermore, we determined apoptosis of villous cells.Six placentas with VUE and 3 control placentas were stained using immunohistochemistry...
Fetal macrosomia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) associate with increased morbidity in the neonate. Placental vascular relaxation is impaired in fetal macrosomia, as well as in IUGR, and this could result from increased oxidative stress present in both conditions. We determined the role of pro- and anti-oxidants on NOS dependent relaxation in placental chorionic arteries from pregnancies...
Intrauterine growth restriction complicates 5–10% of pregnancies. This study aims to test the hypothesis that Chinese herbal formula, JLFC01, affects pregnancy and fetal development by modulating the pro-inflammatory decidual micro-environment.Human decidua from gestational age-matched elective terminations or incomplete/missed abortion was immunostained using anti-CD68 + anti-CD86 or anti-CD163 antibodies...
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